标签存档： 加拿大论文代写

论文代写：易趣网

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论文代写：易趣网

易趣网以1995年度创立的世界顶级网络市场的名字而广受欢迎。这家公司在网络世界中提供了最强大的平台，在这个世界上，所有不同的企业和个人都可以相互交流，以销售和购买不同的产品和服务。易趣网的官方网站在固定价格的基础上提供交易，其中数以千计的商品类别可供选择，在这些类别下，提供了数以百万计的商品和服务。借助于易用性和易用接口的定制站点，易趣网在国内、全国和国际市场上实现了买卖操作。易趣网的广泛功能使不同国家的成员能够以更快、更便捷的方式通过网站进行交易，而不是任何其他电子商务公司（汤普森等人，2013）。拍卖方式是易趣网的一种，通过这种方式，买家可以购买不同商品的多样化选择。另外还有一种叫做“买进”的条款，在这种帮助下，买方可以以令人兴奋的价格购买最便宜的产品或服务，但价格是固定的。固定价格的项目，也可以通过关键词，这是一家由易趣网给消费者带来。易趣网以创新的交易方式提升传统的交易经验，取得了社区发展的成功。在市场上的易趣网服务，包括贝宝服务，不同风格的交易工具的买家以及卖家提供理想的解决方案。通过在线支付服务贝宝是一种高飞行服务由公司提供（特普斯特拉et al.，2012）。

论文代写：易趣网

Ebay is popular in the name of world’s top online marketplace which was founded in the year of 1995. This corporation has a prestigious reputation for providing the most powerful platform in the online world where an entire community of different businesses as well as persons interacts with each other for the selling and buying of diverse products and services. The official website of ebay offers trading on the basis of fixed price where thousands of item categories are available and under these categories millions of goods as well as services are offered. With the help of customized sites that are user-friendly in nature with easy-to-use interfaces, ebay enables buy and sell operations throughout the domestic, nationwide as well as international market. Wide-ranging features of ebay enable the members of different countries to trade through the sites in a faster and more convenient method than that of any other ecommerce company (Thompson et al., 2013). The auction-style system in case of ebay is one of its kinds, by which the buyers get diversified options of purchasing different items. There is also another provision called Buy-It-Now, with the help of which the buyers can simply purchase the products or services at the most affordable cost with exciting offers but the prices are fixed. The items with fixed price can also be accessible via Half.com, which is a company brought to the consumers by ebay. By enhancing the traditional trading experience with innovative style of trading formats, ebay gets success regarding the development of the community. Services of ebay in the marketplace include- PayPal services, different style of trading tools for purchasers as well as sellers and provider programs for ideal solutions. Online payment service through PayPal is one of the high-flying services offered by the company (Terpstra et al., 2012).

 

加拿大论文代写：制药企业

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加拿大论文代写：制药企业

策略是商业理论中最重要的概念之一。据玛格丽塔（2003）、战略管理概念吸引了所有概念之间的极大关注。这就是为什么没有人能否认战略在经营中的重要性。麦基，et al.，（2010），认为战略是一种处理外部机会和威胁，内部的优势和劣势，实现组织的使命交会法。

制药行业是世界上最大和最赚钱的企业之一。制药企业必须遵守政府和其他有关部门制定的规章制度，对病人的安全和医疗给予高度的关注。制药行业在研究和开发药物以及研究过程中所涉及的成本方面面临着很大的失败风险。

1978，Hikma制药是由Samih Darwazah先生在安曼创办的乔丹。Darwazah在制药公司工作了12年后成立的Hikma制药。约旦是个小国家，但有一个开明的政府鼓励投资的Hikma在约旦制药产业发展其业务。的Hikma制药的愿景是通过以成本效益的价格到世界各地的客户提供高质量的药品的公司转变为世界一流的制药公司。通过发展有机增长与完善的销售和营销活动，通过企业的Hikma制药收购是其长期目标的完成工作。公司的业务扩展建立Hikma为跨国制药企业，其稳定增长保持声誉的公司，其产品的市场定位，产品的质量也在全球医疗市场的有效成本起着至关重要的作用。

加拿大论文代写：制药企业

A strategy is one of the most crucial concepts in business theory. According to Magretta (2003), the concept of strategy attracts the maximum attention among all the concepts of management. This is the reason that no one can deny the importance of strategy in operating the business. Mcgee, et al., (2010), mentions that strategy is a method of dealing with the intersection of external chances and threats with internal advantages and disadvantages in order to achieve the mission of the organization.

The Pharmaceutical industry is one of the largest and most profitable businesses of the world. Pharmaceutical companies have to comply with the rules and regulations formed by the governments and other relevant authorities due to high concern for safety and medical treatments for the patients. Pharmaceutical industries have to face high risks of failure in Research and Development of medicines and the costs involved in that research process.

In 1978, Hikma pharmaceutical was founded by Mr. Samih Darwazah in Amman Jordon. Darwazah after working in a pharmaceutical company for 12 years founded Hikma pharmaceuticals. Jordan is a small country but has a liberal government which encouraged investments by Hikma to develop its business in the pharmaceutical industry of Jordan. The vision of Hikma pharmaceuticals is to transform the company into the world-class pharmaceutical company by delivering high quality medicines at cost effective prices to customers all over the world. Through development in the organic growth with improved sales and marketing activities, by the acquisition of firms Hikma pharmaceuticals is working for the achievement of its long term objectives.  Expansion of the operations of the company plays a vital role in establishing Hikma into a multinational pharmaceutical company with its steady growth by holding a reputation of a company that has positioned its products in the market as quality products which are also cost effective in the global health care market.

 

加拿大社会学论文代写： 什么是全球化

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加拿大社会学论文代写： 什么是全球化

全球化是一个概念，即整合国家经济融入世界经济，任何人都可以交流，贸易或与任何人做任何事情，没有任何障碍（Kerby，2005）。它改变了当地的边界，使世界成为一个地球村，不受选择、产品、市场、质量或其他任何事物的限制，因为几乎每个人都可以得到一切。

然而，随着全球化的到来，各国之间相互依存。没有限制的自由贸易或贸易概念开始发挥作用。据此，一个国家生产和出口的商品或服务，它是有效的，而进口那些产品是竞争弱势（山，Cronk，& Wickramasekera，2014）。有强烈的辩论，政府干预市场经济的有效运行所需的水平。一些人认为，完全没有政府干预的自由市场机制的运作，是实现贸易的最有效途径的运行如果组织成长的最好方式，喜欢史米斯的理论，李嘉图和Heckscher Ohlin推动自由贸易（山，Cronk，& Wickramasekera，2014）。而其他像重商主义反对自由贸易和比较优势理论，认为国家不应过于依赖进口，导致贸易不平衡的屁股和政府干预的平衡，可以消除或减少它（山，Cronk，& Wickramasekera，2014）。我认为最中性的理论是：波特和新理论有利于有限的政府干预对于经济的健康，因为他们的取向允许自由贸易以及一些政府控制的战略产业的先发优势和规模经济作为进入壁垒（山，Cronk，& Wickramasekera，2014）。

加拿大社会学论文代写： 什么是全球化

Globalization is a concept which means to integrate the national economies into world economy where anyone can communicate, trade or do anything with any person without any barriers (Kerby, 2005). It has dissolved the local boundaries and made world a global village, with no restriction of choice, products, markets, qualities or any other things, as everything is available to virtually everyone.

However, with globalization comes interdependence amongst nations. The concept of free trade or trade with few restrictions comes in to play. According to it, a country produces and exports goods or services in which it is efficient, while importing those products in which is competitively disadvantaged (Hill, Cronk, & Wickramasekera, 2014).There is strong debate as to the level of government intervention needed to run an efficient market economy. Some argue that absolutely no government interference and workings of free market mechanism is the best way to achieve growth in trade and the most effective and efficient way for the running if organizations, like the theories of Smith, Ricardo and Heckscher-Ohlin promotes liberal trade(Hill, Cronk, & Wickramasekera, 2014). While others like Mercantilism stands against the theories of free trade and comparative advantage, stating that the countries should not rely too heavily on imports, ass it causes balance of trade disequilibrium and government intervention can eliminate or reduce it(Hill, Cronk, & Wickramasekera, 2014). I think the most neutral of the theories are that of Porter and the new theory which favours limited government intervention as healthy for the economy, because of their orientation to allow both free trade as well as some government control over strategic industries where first-mover advantages and economies of scale are used as barriers to entry (Hill, Cronk, & Wickramasekera, 2014).

论文代写：劳动力市场

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论文代写：劳动力市场

劳动市场是雇主和工人相互作用的场所，在这里，雇主为了找到最好的雇员而竞争，而工人为了获得最佳的满意工作而竞争。

劳动力市场可以是地方性的、国家性的甚至是国际性的，劳动力的规模取决于市场的范围，通常是具有不同资格、技能和地理位置的较小群体。这些市场的成功取决于不同雇主和工人在工资率、就业条件、就业地点和市场竞争方面的信息交换程度。

劳动力市场是根据市场上工人的需求来研究工人可用性的现象。换言之，它也可以被称为经济交流的一部分，工人为了寻找最好的工作而参与其中，潜在的雇主参加为他们的组织雇佣最好的雇主。劳动力市场处于紧张状态时，市场比用于以就业和市场可以说是’松弛’的时候有更多的工人，但没有或较少在市场工作的工人更多的就业机会（Ostry，2004）。当潜在雇员的供给与雇主的潜在雇员的需求相匹配时，劳动力市场被称为平衡状态。这是一种市场状态，既不记录过剩也不亏损，也不因为这种平衡状态，工资在市场上保持不变。

论文代写：劳动力市场

Labour market is a place of interaction of employers and workers as at this place employers compete with each other for finding the best employees whereas workers compete with each other for attaining the best satisfying jobs for themselves.

The labour markets can be at local, national and even at international level and their size in terms of workers depend on the scope of the market and are usually smaller groups with different qualifications, skills and geographical locations. The success of these markets is dependent on the level of exchange of information various employers and workers regarding wage rates, employment conditions, location for job and market competition.

The labour market works on the phenomenon of the workers availability in reference to the demand of workers in the market. in other words it can also be termed as an area of economic exchange workers take part of the sake of seeking best paying jobs and the potential employers take part for hiring best employers for their organizations. The labour market is said to be in ‘tight’ state when market has more jobs than the workers available for taking those jobs and the market is said to be ‘slack’ when there are more workers but no or less jobs in the market (Ostry, 2004).  The labour market is said to be in balanced state when the supply of potential employees matches the demand of potential employees by the employers. It is a state of market in which neither excess nor deficit of labour is recorded nor as a result of this equilibrium state pay scales remain constant in the market.

加拿大论文代写：领导形象塑造

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加拿大论文代写：领导形象塑造

选举前，贝拉克·奥巴马总统着重于吸引美国人民和表现出超凡魅力的外国人的注意力。他有能力吸引他人的支持，并推动他们完成特定的事业。这种方法是有魅力的，是转型帮助奥巴马调用固定变化在个人拥抱他的愿景（那格尼，2008）。奥巴马总统成功地表达了他在外交和国内事务上产生巨大分歧的潜力。此外，奥巴马总统认为美国的安全性并没有想当然，同时制定了极端跨文化的全球做法。他考虑到美国和其他国家的利益，发展了这种做法。当他到不同的国家旅行时，在讲话之前，他一直非常谦逊、调和，专注于倾听。他的演讲能力也被认为是他用来塑造他所预见的国家道路的一个重要工具。

在六个月的时间里，奥巴马总统前往不同的国家，认真注意所有不同文化的规范。一年后，奥巴马总统试图成为更温和的向中国、俄罗斯和中东。这一尝试他获得诺贝尔和平奖（tirmizi，2002）。在他担任总统五年期间，他不仅表现出变革型领导和文化敏感性，而且还通过各种领导模式对许多情况作出了反应。这个概念被称为应急领导。所有这些方法都证明了他是如何设法在总统职位上树立自己的榜样的。

加拿大论文代写：领导形象塑造

Prior to the elections, President Barack Obama focused on attracting the attention of the population of America and foreigners expressing a charismatic nature. He possesses the ability of drawing others on his side and moving them ahead for accomplishing a particular cause. This approach of being charismatic which is transformational helped Obama in invoking fixed changes within individuals who embraced his visions (Nagourney, 2008). President Obama managed to woo most of his visions by the expressing his potential of making big differences in both, foreign and domestic affairs. Moreover, President Obama considered the safety of America and did not take it for granted while formulating an extreme cross-cultural approach to the globe. He developed this approach by considering the interests of US as well as other nations. When he travelled to different nations, he had been extremely humble, conciliatory and focused on listening before he spoke. His power of speech can also be considered as an important tool that he used for modelling the way towards the nation he had foreseen.

In the duration of six months, President Obama travelled to different nations paying careful attention on norms of all respective cultures. After the first year passed, the attempts of President Obama became more conciliatory towards China, Russia and Middle East. For this attempt he had received the prize of Nobel Peace (Tirmizi, 2002). In the duration of five years of his presidency, he not only showed transformational leadership and cultural sensitivity, he had also given response to a number of situations by various categories of leadership models. This concept has been termed as the contingency leadership. All these approach are evidences as to how he managed to model his way within presidency.

加拿大代写assignment：领导理论的探讨

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加拿大代写assignment：领导理论的探讨

因此，需要有一个通用的沟通标准和风格，这是可以理解的，能够唤起追随者对领导者的思维方式。这可以通过将类似的语言的员工，是直接与领导接触的核心集团潜在的完成，或由一个标准化的通信方法，达到人人设计可简单理解，然后根据员工的意愿和响应，最好的可以选择可直接与领导者的核心团队和工作的一部分。这样做的时候，核心团队甚至是一个多元文化，他们的意愿是关键的基础上，变革型领导激发他们的新视野和共同的集体责任。它也指出，变革型领导能够发挥从小组成员更多的工作，也能够有更令人满意的员工相比其他领导风格（黑和低音，1988；Yammarino、斯潘格勒和巴斯，1993）。因此，领导风格，如果缺乏和破坏，在一个场景中，能够情绪影响一个多元化的劳动力，它掩盖了更有用的提取投注和额外的工作，从员工，因为他们愿意投入更多的工作，而不是自己的外部力量。

因此，变革型领导是情况较多元化的员工队伍是领导者与追随者容易感情有益的和已被证明的追随者中提取更多的工作而不需要它（库纳特，1996）。

加拿大代写assignment：领导理论的探讨

Hence, there needs to be a universal communication standard and style which is understandable and able to arouse the followers to the leader’s way of thinking. This can be done by putting similar language speaking employees with potential in the core group which is directly in touch with the leader, or by designing a standardised method of communication which is reachable to everyone and is simple enough to be understood and then depending on the willingness and response from the employees, the best ones can be selected to be part of the core team and work directly with the leader. In doing so, when the core team is even of a diverse culture, their willingness is the key foundation on which the transformational leader inspires them to the new vision and shares the collective responsibility. It is also noted that transformational leaders are able to exert more work from the group members, and also are able to have more satisfying employees when compared to other leadership styles (Hater and Bass, 1988; Yammarino, Spangler and Bass, 1993). Thus, the leadership style if lacking and undermined in one scenario of being able to emotionally influence a diverse workforce, it covers up by being more useful in extracting the bets and extra work from the employees because they are willing to input more work by themselves and not due to an outside force.

Thus, transformational leadership is beneficial in situations which has a less diverse workforce making it easier for the leader to relate emotionally to the followers and it has been proven to extract more work from the followers without being asked for it (Kuhnert, 1996).

代写论文：人力资源培训师

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代写论文：人力资源培训师

人力资源经理通常负责组织人力资源的管理。在履行他们的职责时，他们执行的一项重要的人力资源活动是对员工的培训。培训是员工了解组织的过程和职能的过程，并赋予他们必要的能力和技能，使他们能够有效地履行其职责。然而，在整个过程中，人力资源培训师的目的是指导员工，帮助他们提高整体能力。因此，人力资源部的作用是以一种方式来发展组织的资产，使他们能够积极地实现组织目标。在整个过程中，从确保员工更好的全面发展的角度来看，人力资源培训师的能力是非常重要和关键的。人力资源经理必须具备一些基本技能和能力，这些分析如下（菲利普斯，2012）。

培训人员必须具备一定的核心能力，才能在组织中以高效的方式履行其职责。根据米切尔（2006）的观点，人力资源培训师的核心能力可以被认为是培训师在维持其专业方面的技能。过去有很多这样的研究，解释人力资源培训师必须具备的核心能力。高尔德和米勒（2004）的一项研究旨在分析有效的工作场所培训人员所具备的能力，研究结果显示，培训者的培训经验是他们必须具备的关键能力。在这方面，培训教师的经验是非常重要的。过去的经验有助于培训者更好地为组织的员工提供学习机会（李察，2009）。

代写论文：人力资源培训师

A human resource manager is usually responsible for the management of the human resources of the organisation. In performing their role, an important HR activity as carried out by them is training to employees. Training is a process whereby employees are taught about the organisation’s processes and functions, and necessary abilities and skills are imparted to them so that they can efficiently carry out their responsibilities. However, in the entire process, it is the HR trainer that aims at guiding the employees and helps them in enhancing their overall capabilities. Thus, the role of HR is therefore to develop organisation’s assets in a way that enable them in contributing positively in achieving the organisational goals. In this entire process, HR trainer’s competency is highly important and crucial from the point of view of ensuring better overall development of employees. There are certain basic skills and competencies essential to HR manager and these are analysed as follows (Phillips, 2012).
There are certain core competencies that must be possessed by the trainer in order to perform his/her role in an efficient manner in the organisation. According to Mitchell (2006) the core competency of the HR trainer can be regarded as the skills that will always allow the trainer in sustaining his/her profession. There are various such studies in the past explaining the core competencies that must be possessed by a HR trainer. A study by Gauld and Miller (2004) is aimed at analysing the competencies held by effective workplace trainers and the performance of the study has revealed findings that the experience of trainers as training is the key competence that must be possessed by them. The experience of trainers as teacher is quite crucial in this respect. The past experience helps a trainer in better facilitating the learning opportunities to the employees of the organisation (Richard, 2009).

 

加拿大代写论文：雇佣关系

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加拿大代写论文：雇佣关系

传统的行业关系定义是由系统的角度给出的，它包含规则研究和随时间变化的变化。然而，用更简单的话来说，这是对集体和个人层面雇员和雇主之间存在的雇佣关系监管的研究。从这个角度看，就业关系决定了行业，组织和各级工作场所的实质性问题和程序问题。这种关系是一种交换关系，其中区分两个变量的特征在于市场与管理关系的关系。交流是基于几个因素，如涉及学习和社会化的未来前景，不确定性是矛盾的，过去的剥削，不确定和一致。即使就业关系研究侧重于工作调节，也考虑到经济和社会对资本相对权力的影响以及雇主与组织的相互作用。就业关系中的研究分支处理任何两个或两个以上国家之间的雇佣关系的描述和系统分析，被称为比较雇佣关系。

从这个角度以及比较雇佣关系的重要性来看，这个定义本身就已经形成了。本文的目的主要是集中研究比较雇佣关系研究是否是一个辩护的愿望，但最终是一个不可能的成就？这篇文章已经在文章中讨论了与比较雇佣关系研究可能具有的优势和问题相关的问题。为此，本文对比较雇佣关系研究的例子进行了讨论，特别是为了说明本文的主要焦点论点。

加拿大代写论文：雇佣关系

The conventional definition of relation in industries is given by that systematic perspective which incorporates the rule study and the variation that is present with time. In more simpler words, however, it can be said that it is a study of employment relationship regulation that is present between employees and employers at a collective level and an individual level. From this perspective, an employment relation determines the substantive issues and the issues of procedures in industries, organizations and levels of work places. This relationship is a relationship of exchange where the feature that distinguishes both variables involved lies in the relations of market and the relations of management. The exchange is based on several factors such as future prospects involving to learn and to socialize, indeterminate being contradicting in nature, exploitation in the past, not being determined and consistent. Even though the employment relations study holds its focus over work regulation, it also takes consideration of the influences that economy and society have over capital relative power and the employers interactions with the organization collectively. The branch of study within employment relations that deals with description and systematic analysis of employment relations between any two or more countries is known as comparative employment relations.

From this perspective and the importance of comparative employment relations evident from the definition itself, this essay has been created. The purpose of this paper mainly is to focus on whether or not comparative employment relations research is a defensible aspiration but ultimately an impossible achievement? This statement has been discussed in the paper with relevance to advantages and issues that comparative employment relations research may have. In order to do so, comparative employment relations research examples have been discussed especially for illustrating the main focus arguments in this essay.

论文代写：酒店的环境因素

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论文代写：酒店的环境因素

内部商业环境包括酒店内部对商业活动的方法和繁荣有影响的因素（Kaplan，R. S.，and Norton，D. P. 2008）。四季酒店以外的各种外部环境一般都没有太多的指挥。控制内部商业活动的活力，并确定与商业运营以外相关的潜在开放和风险是成功业务的核心（Hartlen，B.2004）。

组织领导

组织方向的责任是一个至关重要的内部业务方面。组织领导方式和其他公司管理方式有组织文化的影响（Edwards，M和Ewen，A，2004）。沟通的表现，社交性的建设性或非建设性以及人员的重要性是源于领导方式的文化成果。公司一般都提供正式的结构方向和前卫的陈述。这些是为公司偏好和运营提供业务的使命和愿景声明（Vecchio，R. P. 2004）。

文化与策略

两个义务是发展一个高绩效企业必不可少的一个强大的商业策略和明确的愿景管理的文化。商业战略是一个实现特定目标的广泛的游戏计划（Lu，M.L。等，2009）。酒店业务战略的目标是协助其实现愿景和使命。管理人员必须通过执行游戏计划来跟踪业务策略。此外，重复监督业务策略和分析策略是重要的，关键绩效指标可以保证酒店在内部和外部的环境中保持响应和顺应变革（Vecchio，R.P.2004）。

论文代写：酒店的环境因素

The internal business environment comprises elements within the hotel that have an influence on the approach and prosperity of business activities (Kaplan, R. S., and Norton, D. P. 2008). The external environment comprised of an assortment of aspects outside of Four Seasons Hotel that it generally do not have much command over. Controlling the vitality of internal business activities and determining prospective openings and risks associated outside of business operations is core to successful business (Hartlen, B. 2004).

Organizational Leadership

The responsibility of organizational direction is a vital internal business aspect. Organizational leadership approach and the approaches of other company administration have an influence of organizational culture (Edwards, M and Ewen, A, 2004). The performance of communication, constructive or unconstructive nature of sociability and significance of personnel are cultural outcomes that stem from leadership manners. Firms generally offer formal structure direction with avant-garde statements. These are mission and vision statements that supply the business for company preferences and operations (Vecchio, R. P. 2004).

Culture & Strategy

Two obligations are essential for developing a high performance firm—a powerful business tactic and a clear vision-governed culture. A business strategy is an extensive game plan to attain a specific target (Lu, M. L., et. al. 2009). The objective of hotel’s business strategy is to assist it in attaining the vision and mission. Managerial staff must keep on track with business strategies through executing game plan. Moreover, it is significant to supervise business strategy and analyse tactics recurrently and key performance indicators to take care the hotel stays responsive and compliant to transformation in its internal and external environment (Vecchio, R. P. 2004).

加拿大论文代写：公司内部冲突

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加拿大论文代写：公司内部冲突

一个人内部的冲突：约翰正在遭受自己的价值和目标相关的冲突。他不能在组织中扮演他所分配的角色，因为他们没有用自己的价值观和信念来证实（Einarsen，2010）。

ii）工作方式冲突：约翰和塔尼亚有不同的工作方式，尽管他们彼此依赖履行职责。每个人都有自己的风格与自己的需求和个性（Afzalur拉希姆，2001年）。因此，约翰没有发现塔尼亚编写的报告值得纳入他的工作。

iii）沟通不畅：当塔尼亚和约翰两人处于相互冲突的状况时，只采取非正式措施解决问题，但没有采取正式的措施，因此对双方都有约束力。

iv）竞争：John与Tania发生个人竞争性的冲突，甚至是不健康的。两人之间的竞争管理不善，导致约翰侮辱塔尼亚和塔尼亚对此作出反应，因此造成了组织中的敌对工作环境。它不鼓励团队合作，推动组织中的个人主义（Dipboye，2013）。

约翰和塔尼亚之间的冲突的其他原因包括权力不平衡，性别偏见和高度情绪失能等。情绪不稳定性也可以用沃尔夫冈告诉我说约翰指的是与医生有关的工作有关的问题，因工作压力过大而离开。

加拿大论文代写：公司内部冲突

Major issues in the conflict:

i)Conflict within an individual: John is suffering from his own value and goals related conflicts. He is not able to play the role assigned to him in an organization as they do not confirm with his own values and beliefs (Einarsen, 2010).

ii)Working styles conflict: John and Tania have different working styles though both are dependent on each other for performing their duties. Each individual has its own style of working with own needs and personality (Afzalur Rahim, 2001). Thus John did not find e reports prepared by Tania worth for including in his work.

iii)Poor communication: When both Tania and John were in conflicting situation only informal steps were taken for resolving them but no formal step was taken so that it would have been binding on both of them to follow.

iv)Competition: John was having personal competitive conflict with Tania that was even unhealthy. The competition between the two was not managed properly that resulted in John insulting Tania and Tania reacting towards it due to which a hostile working environment was created in the organization.  It discouraged teamwork and promoted individualism in the organization (Dipboye, 2013).

The other causes of conflict between John and Tania include power imbalances, gender biasness and high emotional disability etc. emotional instability can also be judged with an instance from the case that Wolfgang told me that John was referring a doctor for work related problems and may consider leaves due to excessive workplace stress.