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随着市场上对咖啡的需求的增加，咖啡业正在迅速增长。许多顾客要求从咖啡店购买优质产品。这个行业正在许多市场上发展。格洛丽亚·琼的咖啡的目标是小市场，包括18到26岁的年轻人。公司主要关注女性客户，因为一半的销售收入来自女性客户(Mitre ga, 2006)。

当前的战略、目标和股东:当前的战略是成为世界上最受尊敬、最受喜爱的咖啡公司。该公司致力于为客户提供高质量的咖啡。格洛丽亚·简的咖啡的主要目标是提供高品质的咖啡，并在充满活力的商店氛围中提供个性化和出色的服务。公司注重股东的价值。公司的股价在2016年有所上涨。竞争:主要竞争对手——格洛丽亚·吉恩的咖啡在市场上面临激烈的竞争，其主要竞争对手是星芭儿和佩雷格琳。

The coffee industry is increasing rapidly with the increase in the demand for coffee in the market. Many customers demand for quality products from coffee shops. The industry is developing in many markets. The target of Gloria Jean’s Coffee is small market segments which include young people between the ages of 18 to 26 years old. The company mainly focuses on the female customers because half of the sales revenue comes from the female customers (Mitręga, 2006).

Current Strategies, Objectives and Shareholders: The current strategy is to become the most respected and loved coffee company in the world. The company focuses on providing high-quality coffee to their customers. The main objective of Gloria Jean’s Coffee is to serve highest quality coffee and to provide personalized and outstanding service in the vibrant atmosphere of the store. The company focuses on the shareholder’s value. The share price of the company has increased in the year 2016. Competition: Major Competitors-The Gloria Jean’s Coffee is facing stiff competition in the market, and its major competitor is Starbuck and Peregrine’s.

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美国公司各种资本结构的描述性统计。这表明，大多数美国公司的资本结构都是长期负债，而非负债。对于大多数变量来说，意义的级别并不重要。一些资本结构变量如销售，负债，资产是决定公司资本结构的重要因素，而不考虑国家。净销售额、负债、债务和资产是任何公司的增长因素。在这种情况下，美国所有公司的资产和负债相关性几乎为零。资本结构清楚地表明了负债在资产负债表中的价值。

债务或者说是杠杆是任何公司资本结构的重要组成部分。R . vale指出，长期债务是美国所有公司资本结构的关键因素。债务与其他公司的可变资产的价值和现金储备。上述分析表明，债务相当于其资产，因此资本结构在较长时期内是强劲的。债务对美国许多公司的价值相当于公司资产的贝塔值。这有利于公司资本结构的财务理论。公司的资本结构是重要的部分，因为这有助于金融当局和政府在更长的时间内决定公司的实力。所有未来的投资都取决于公司强大的资本结构。在上述情况下，美国的大多数公司都是通过降低杠杆率来关注其强大的资本结构。总的来说，这一分析得出的结论是，美国公司高度依赖其资产、收入和股权投资。

Descriptive statistics for various capital structures for the firms in USA
This indicates that most of the US Firms have long term debt than liabilities in their capital structure. The level of significance for most of the variable is not important. Some of the capital structure variables like sales, liabilities, assets are the important factors in deciding the company’s capital structure irrespective of the country.
The net sales, liabilities, debts and assets are the growth factors for any company. In this case, the assets and liabilities correlations are almost zero for all companies in USA. The capital structure clearly indicates the value of debt in their balance sheet.

Debt or say as leverage is the important part in any firm’s capital structure. The R vale indicates that long term debt is the critical factor in the capital structure among all the firms in USA. The debt against all other firm’s variable where the value of assets and its cash & reserve. The above analysis indicates that debt is equivalent to its assets and hence the capital structure is strong for longer term. The value of debt to many of the firms in USA is equivalent to the firm’s assets as indicated through the beta value. This is in favor of the financial theories for the firm’s capital structure. Capital structure of the firms is the significant part as this helps the financial authorities and the governments to decide the strengthening of the firm in longer term. All future investments depend on the strong capital structure of the firm. In the above scenario, it is indicated that in USA most of the firms focus on their strong capital structure by reducing their leverage. Overall, it is concluded in this analysis that USA firms are highly dependent on its assets, revenue and equity based investments.

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在自由化之前，许多银行被迫使用配额信贷。对贷款和利率有控制。这必然意味着银行不会使用价格来将贷款供应和需求因素联系起来。由于这一点，对债务的需求增加了。这通常意味着有更多的借款人只是被延长了。由于放松管制，有必要减少信贷。在放松管制的同时，经济活动中出现了周期性回升。他们被发现分享利润。基本面的改善被认为是真实资产价格的合理增长(Booth et al.， 2001)。这些都被发现是投机性的增长，而不是由基本面决定的。在公司内部，资产价格的增加被发现为提高杠杆率提供了一种动力，这是由于名义利息的税收可抵扣性。这些名义利息支付被发现在这两个部分之间是分开的。如果借贷利率被发现增加更多的通货膨胀，可以增加税收减免，通货膨胀可以创造。这些可以被更高的借贷成本完全抵消。

还有一种综合措施衡量债务的实际成本。在均衡的情况下，债务的成本被发现会给溢价带来风险。它们必须等于所有者权益的成本。但是，平衡条件不是连续的。在发现借款利率随通货膨胀而增加的情况下，将增加税收减免。这些被发现完全被较高的借贷成本所抵消。当发现债务的成本上升时，就会发现它们相对于股票的成本。这些预计将随着传动装置的增加而增加。

这些都是公司层面和宏观环境分析的一部分，需要考虑到公司的资本结构。

Before liberalization, many of the banks were forced to utilize the ration credit. There were controls on the lending and interest rates. This invariably meant banks will not use prices to associate the loan supply along with the demand factors. Owing to this there is increased demand for the debt. This is often meant to mean that there are higher numbers of borrowers that are simply lengthened. Owing to the deregulation there is a need to ration credit disappeared. In the same time in the deregulation there was a cyclical pick-up within economic activity. These were found to share towards the profits. The improvement in the fundamentals is found to be legitimate increase in the real asset prices (Booth et al., 2001). These are found to set of speculative increases and not justified by the fundamentals. Within the firm the increase in the asset prices are found to provide an incentive towards the higher leverages owing to the tax deductibility of the nominal interest. These nominal interest payments are found to be separated between the two components.

If the borrowing rates are found to increase more with the inflation there can be increased tax deduction that the inflation can create. These can be completely offset by the higher borrowing costs. There is also the aggregate measure of the real cost of debt with the aggregate measure. In the cases of equilibrium, the cost of debt is found to put risk on the premium. They must be equal to the cost of equity. However, the equilibrium conditions are not continuous. In the cases where the borrowing rates are found to increase with the inflation there will be increased tax deduction. These are found to be completely offset by the higher borrowing costs. When the costs of the debt are found to be rising, it is found that they are relative to the cost of the equity. These are expected to be increased with the gearing. These are some of the firm level and the macro environmental analysis that needs to be considered with the case of capital structure of the firm.

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公司或其他公司层面的投资通常是由公司组织根据研究的金融组合进行的。任何投资的目标都是确保公司有公平的回报和最大的价值。在理解投资方面的观点，比如他讨论的过度投资和投资不足，可以用上下文来分析。在投资不足的情况下，可能会发生这样的情况:投资的净现值将会增加到债券持有者身上。股东收益在这里受到冲击。这就导致了杠杆率更高的情况;然而，这种情况发生的代价是财务灵活性的降低。有了这一点，一个提供增长机会的微环境问题也会被添加进来，从而导致更多的问题需要处理。然后，经理们可能会采取杠杆比率的预防措施，导致投资与之前提到的杠杆之间的负关系效应。因此，投资必须谨慎决定。

注意过度投资的情况。在过度投资的情况下，管理者和股东之间可能存在冲突问题。这些冲突背后的原因是，一些集团希望将负面的NPV投资视为改善公司规模的一种方式。在围绕公司资本结构的诸多问题的背景下，本文为伦敦的一家投资公司准备了一份报告，该公司对影响公司资本结构决策的因素进行了调查。选择分析的国家是联合王国，并根据公司的水平和宏观经济分析，向管理委员会提出相关的调查结果和相关性。详细的理论资料也为观众的利益而增加。

Financing in firms or other corporate level investments are usually carried out by corporate organisations based on well researched financial mix. The goal of any investment is to ensure that there is a fair return and maximisation of value for the firm. The argument of Myers in the context of understanding investments for instance, where he discusses over investments and under-investment’s, can be analysed in context. In the case of under-investment, it could so happen that positive net present values in investment will accrue to debt holders. The accrual to shareholders takes a hit here. This causes the situation of a higher leverage ratio; however, this happens at the cost of less financial flexibility. With this, the issues of a micro environment that offers for growth opportunities also gets added in, leading to more issues to handle. Then managers might end up taking preventive action in leverage ratios, causing negative relationship effects between investment and the leverage that was noted earlier.