标签存档： 代写essay

加拿大代写essay：明朝的文化经济

在： , ,

加拿大代写essay：明朝的文化经济

明朝在郑和时期从1405年到1433年派出了几次海军远征军作为司令。一时之间放弃这些远征并关闭全球联系的原因在于，王朝所做的这些航行背后的唯一原因。这些航行不是为了探索，而是为了展示中国对邻国和印度洋贸易港口的威力（Strayer，2013）。这些航行的停止是从三个原则开始的，包括郑和作为他的儿子的指挥官的改变，他不相信显示力量，更多的费用涉及一个小原因和西方陆地边界（蒙古人和中亚国家增加袭击）。从经济角度来看，中国在财富，资源配置和物质属性方面的自给自足，并不需要贸易的财富。

加拿大代写essay：明朝的文化经济
中国文化有几个世纪的历史，它甚至制定了政治观点。在政治上，中国在15世纪是明朝的统治，不仅是亚洲所有帝国中最强大的，而且技术突出。在15世纪的中国，劳动不是问题，因为人民的技能和技术总是充足（Strayer，2013）。如果中国想和另一个国家做生意，那么它就知道不必去那个地方，但那些人肯定会来这里寻求生意。因此可以说，中国的明朝统治者知道中国在政治上，文化上和经济上都有保证放弃与世界其他地方的关系。尽管这个国家还没有成为十五世纪的海上​​力量，但它至少能够证明海军通过海军航行的理由，这是为了向别人展示他们的力量和力量。

加拿大代写essay：明朝的文化经济

Ming Dynasty sent out several expeditions of navy from 1405 to 1433 under Zheng He as the commander. The reason to abandon these expeditions all of a sudden and to shut global connections lies in the mere reason behind these voyages done by the dynasty in the first place. These voyages were not for exploring rather they were devoted to show the might of China to the neighboring nations and ports of trade across the Indian Ocean (Strayer 2013). The halt in these voyages was initiated on 3 principles inclusive of the change of Zheng He as the commander to his son who did not believe in displaying strength, more cost involved for a small reason and growing threats faced from the western land borders (Mongols and Central Asia nations increased raids). Economically, China did not require wealth from trade because of its self-sufficiency in terms of wealth, resource allocation and physical attributes.

加拿大代写essay：明朝的文化经济
Culture of China has a history of several centuries and it formulates even the political perspectives. Politically, China was rules in the 15th century by Ming Dynasty which was not only the strongest of all the Asian empires but also prominent with skills. Labor was not an issue for 15th century China as skills and techniques in its people were always present in abundance (Strayer 2013). If China wanted to do business with another land then it knew that it did not have to go to that place but those people will surely come and ask for business from them. It can be therefore said that Ming rulers of China knew that China is politically, culturally and economically secure to abandon its relationship with the rest of the world. Even though the nation did not become a maritime strength of 15th century, it was able to justify at least the reason for its voyages through navy which was to show others their strength and might.

加拿大代写essay：园艺行业

在： , ,

加拿大代写essay：园艺行业

Garden Depot的组织是经营不善的商店。在人员配备标准方面执行不当的标准导致公司严重失误。公司成立于1985年，主要经营花店，园艺用品和草坪用品。公司启动了一个新的维护部门，以便利用客户对草坪护理专业人员的帮助（Myriad 2010）。作为对客户需求的回应，1999年还建立了园林绿化部门，提供完整的定制景观包和其他系统，如草坪洒水喷头。到2007年，公司已经成功建立了12000平方英尺的零售商店，包括维护部门和景观部门。

加拿大代写essay：园艺行业
由于园艺行业在客户需求驱动下发生了动态变化，公司看到了销售额的波动。招聘和留住合格的员工对园区而言成了一个问题，经理的首要目标是在冬季来临时进行裁员。花园仓库里没有熟练和永久的雇员，只有季节性招聘。另外一个问题是Garden Depot让员工在没有先前知识的情况下追求多项任务的表现（Myriad 2010）。组织中的业务部门缺乏同步或调整的能力，导致管理层逐一建立各部门的决策失败。但是，案例研究中出现的另一个明显的原因是家庭成员的就业问题，导致了个人无法解决的复杂情况的发展。而且，组织在管理岗位上面临着低效率的员工定位，这显示出明显的领导问题。为了使Garden Depot成功，必须对每个因素作出决定。

加拿大代写essay：园艺行业

The organization of Garden Depot has been a store managed poorly. Improper standards being implemented with regard to the criterion of staffing has led towards essential mis-management of the company. The establishment of the company took place in the year 1985 with the business of florist, garden items and products for taking care of lawn. A new department of maintenance was launched by the company for capitalizing the requirements of the customers with regard to assistance of professionals in the lawn care (Myriad 2010). Again as a response to the demand of the customers, a division of landscaping was also established in 19998 that offered complete packages of customized landscapes and other systems such as sprinklers for lawns. By the year 2007, the company had successfully established itself on 12000 sq. ft. store of retail with divisions of maintenance and divisions of landscapes.

加拿大代写essay：园艺行业
Fluctuation in the sales were seen by the company as the industry of gardening has dynamic changes driven by customer needs. Recruiting and retaining staff which is qualified then became a problem for Garden Depot and the foremost aim of the manager was to perform downsizing the employees especially when the months of winter came. There was no presence of employees that are skilled and permanent in Garden Depot which led towards seasonal hiring only. Another issue was driven by the cause that Garden Depot made employees to pursue performance of multiple tasks without them having previous knowledge on the same (Myriad 2010). The business units in the organization lacked the ability to be synchronized or properly aligned and this made the decisions taken by the management with regard to establishment of each department one by one failed. However there is another evident cause of issues arising in the case study which is with respect to the employment of members of the families and this led towards development of complex situations that an individual could not solve. Also, the organization faced inefficient employee positioning within the position of management and this indicates a clear problem of leadership. Decisions regarding each of these factors have to be made in order to make Garden Depot succeed.

加拿大代写essay：管理职能

在： ,

加拿大代写essay：管理职能

该报告揭示了管理四大重要职能的重要性，并介绍了它们与现代管理的关系。该研究通过分析维珍航空公司的业务职能，强调了这些关键原则，并显示现代职能经理如何评估和分析一个完整和清晰的框架，以优先考虑构成这一关键理论的某些技能和程序。
本研究旨在研究公司各项管理职能（计划 – 组织 – 领导 – 控制）的影响，并评估其对公司业务运营的影响。这项研究引起了人们的关注，即职能经理如何利用这些关键的组织工具来充分利用员工，以及这些方法如何帮助提高公司的生产率和盈利能力。
维珍航空可以采用不同的规划阶段，具体如下：
1.1战略规划
战略规划包括评估和分析公司所有潜在的优势，劣势，机遇和威胁，以及该组织如何在其业务环境中有效地进行竞争。战略规划需要很长时间才能实施，对于公司目标的发现，分析和制定至关重要。
1.2战术策划
战术规划直接关系到设计和制定执行战略计划的具体方式。执行公司战术规划活动的公司的中层管理人员。
1.3运营计划
运作规划有助于组织的核心存在。这种方法使组织能够优先考虑其目的和目标，并且可以确定这些目标的实现。这种方法有助于制定和设计行动计划，进一步支持公司的战略和战术计划。

加拿大代写essay：管理职能

The report sheds light on the importance of the four key functions of management and describes their relation with modern management. The study has underlined these key principles by analyzing the business functions of Virgin airlines and shows how modern day functional managers are now required to evaluate and analyze a complete and clear framework for prioritizing certain skills and procedures which comprise this crucial theory.
The research aims to study the impact of various functions of management (Planning-Organizing-Leading-Controlling) in a company and evaluates their impact on business operations of a company. The research draws attention towards how a functional manager can use these key organizational tools to get the best out of its employees and how these methods can help to increase the productivity and profitability of a company.
There are various stages of planning which can be adopted by Virgin airways and they are as follows:
1.1 Strategic planning
The strategic planning is comprised of assessing and analyzing all the potential strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to a company and how that organization can compete effectively in its business environment. Strategic planning takes a long time to implement and is essential for finding, analyzing and formulation of a company’s objectives.
1.2 Tactical planning
Tactical planning is directly concerned with designing and developing a highly concrete way for executing a strategic plan. It is the middle-level management of a company who executes the tactical planning activities for a company.
1.3 Operational planning
The operational planning helps in the core existence of an organization. This method allows an organization to prioritize its goals and objectives and it can determine the achievement of such goals. This method helps to develop and design action plan which can further support the strategic and tactical plans of the company.

加拿大代写essay：雀巢产品创新

在： , ,

加拿大代写essay：雀巢产品创新

雀巢正试图利用这一创新在营销领域获得自己的积极形象。对这一合作的反应不一。由于创新和创意是同类产品中的佼佼者，因此能够在市场上引起轰动，雀巢公司积极打造品牌。由于机器人的高精度和高效率，可以提高生产率。他们可以高速执行指定的工作，仍然能够减少废品。雀巢的客户好奇将是一个优势。这一举措是为了增加公司最大市场上消费者的品牌管理。辣椒将解释雀巢的产品和服务，并会与客户进行交谈。雀巢正在依靠这种创新的消费者参与模式，这种模式将在全世界范围内扩大，为日本创新树立榜样。进一步分析，我们也可以注意到它有一个奇怪的营销角度。食品加工者总是投射出一种没有人为天性的图像。但在这种情况下，运动强调人为性。主要的问题是机器人的聘用是否会从销售员手中夺走工作。对那些从事低技术工作的人来说，这可能会被机器人所取代。雀巢被批评用机器人取代他们的人力，以增加他们的短期收益。另一种看待机器人的功能是否像人一样可靠。雀巢公司将增加成本，如果他们不得不让机器人站在机器人旁边说明客户或让IT人员切换，编程，更新和维护机器人。雀巢自多年以来一直是市场领导者。他们可以把机器人包括在他们的销售队伍中展现出来，这样他们就可以把自己置于消费者心目中，成为技术友好的公司，从长远来看他们将会受益。如果处理不当，许多顾客会感到愤怒。客户是否要慢慢地反复说话才能理解机器人仍然是一个问题;以及客户如何看待它仍然有待观察。 （Brodie，Ilic＆Hollebeek，2013）

加拿大代写essay：雀巢产品创新

Nestle is trying to capitalise on this innovation to get a positive image of itself in the marketing domain. There had been mixed responses to this collaboration. Since the innovation and the idea are first of its kind, it was able to create a buzz in the market which has resulted in a positive branding of Nestle. Using of robots would increase the productivity due to the high accuracy and efficiency. They can perform designated work at high speeds and still would be able to produce less scrap. The curiosity among the customers would be an advantage to Nestle. This move has been an effort to increase brand management with consumers in the company’s biggest market.  Pepper would explain the products and services of Nescafe and would engage in conversations with the customers. Nestle is counting on this innovative consumer engagement model which would expand across the world setting up an example of Japanese innovation. On further analysis, we can also make a note that it has a strange marketing angle. The food processors always project an image devoid of artificiality-naturalness. But in this case, the campaign is emphasizing on artificiality. The major question has been whether the hiring of the robots would take away jobs from the salesmen. It would be a concern for those who are involved in jobs which are low skilled as they can be replaced by a robot. Nestle has been criticised for replacing their human workforce with robots to increase their short term gains. The other way of looking at this is whether functioning of robots is as reliable as a human. Nestle would increase their costs if they have to keep a worker standing beside the robot explaining customers or keeping an IT person to switch, programme, update and maintain the robots. Nestle has been a market leader since many years. They can portray the innovation of including robots in their sales force for show so that they position themselves in the minds of the consumers as technology friendly company which would benefit them in the long run. Many customers get irate if not being dealt properly. Would the customers have to speak slowly and repeatedly for the robots to understand still remains a question; and how the customers would view it still has to be seen. (Brodie, Ilic & Hollebeek, 2013)

代写essay：平板电脑新功能

在： , ,

代写essay：平板电脑新功能

这篇报纸的文章主要集中在技术驱动的环境中，这些组织参与开发能够比客户更好地满足客户的新产品或小工具，联想的Yoga Tablet 2 Pro就是其中之一。
在移动行业的竞争环境中，有三星和苹果等多种组织（Davidson，2014）。即使公司可能会比市场上的其他竞争对手更好地设计产品，但对于公司来说，与所推出的产品相关的品牌名称更为重要。这可能是新的瑜伽平板电脑2将以799美元的价格出售的主要原因，这个价格几乎是Apple I Pad的一半价格。令人震惊的是平板电脑2瑜伽拥有的相当多的功能，包括1360英寸的屏幕，2560 * 1440像素和投影机。这款投影机是新款平板电脑的关键部分，即使在投影机的焦点通过平板电脑显示在墙壁或屏幕上时，投影机的焦距并不相同。另外，左侧的图像没有引起设备中的故障。

代写essay：平板电脑新功能

This newspaper article has focused on the technologically driven environment where organizations are involved in developing new products or gadgets that can satisfy the customers better than they are and Yoga Tablet 2 Pro from Lenovo is one such product.
There are various organizations in the competitive environment of mobile industry such as Samsung and Apple (Davidson, 2014). Even though a company may device a product better than other competitors in the market, it is important for the company to have a higher brand name with relevance to the product it is launching. This could be the main reason why the new Yoga Tablet 2 is set to be sold at 799 dollars which is almost half the price of an Apple I Pad. What becomes shocking are the considerable number of features possessed by Tablet 2 Yoga inclusive of 13 inch screen with 2560 * 1440 pixels and a projector. This projector is the crucial aspect of the new tablet even though with certain considerable faults such as the focus of the projector not being equal when it is displayed on a wall or a screen through the tablet. In addition, the left images are out of focus leading towards initiating a fault in the device.

代写essay：技术革命

在： ,

代写essay：技术革命

技术革命引发的这种过度的民主化或剽窃，只会导致一些艺术家的声音混乱。有些艺术家其实并不是天生就是艺术家，有的艺术家根本就没有这个艺术，所以以音乐和图片混合的方式来装作，实际上会导致文化普遍衰落，人们会感到惭愧当他们想到它后（“PressPausePlay”）。这种夸张的推理形式出现在文章和电影中，虽然两者都有既定的标识元素，但也有很多的悲哀。
“准备工作，拼贴，找到艺术或发现的文本，互文，合并，撤销和挪用 – 所有这些术语代表剽窃的探索”（“CAE”85）。要了解CAE意味着什么，有必要定义之前和现在如何看待艺术。根据CAE艺术曾经被认为是由精英提出的文化。这意味着艺术不应该被复制。然而在更近的时代，知识爆炸。人们几乎可以访问精英所拥有的一切，而人们则希望用文字和非文本的方式进行实验。 CAE通过说明任何创作不具有其自身的内在价值来验证这种剽窃的观念。一个文本，一张图片或一首歌曲只有当它连接到物理世界中的一个过程时才会有某种意义。这个过程的联系是对过程的定义，因此重新混合或者重组可能适合不同意义的重组决不应该被认为是剽窃，因为现在意义已经发生了变化 – 环境已经发生了变化。

代写essay：技术革命

This over democratization or plagiarism introduced by the technological revolution would lead to nothing more than a cacophony of sounds according to some of the artists. Some artists in fact critique that not all are born to be artists and some simply don’t have it, so to pretend otherwise by mixing music and pictures and more would actually lead to a general decline on culture, one which people would be ashamed of when they think of it later (“PressPausePlay”). This form of exaggerated reasoning’s is present in both the article and the movie and although there is an established element of logos in both, there is also much pathos.
(2) “Readymades, collage, found art or found text, intertexts, combines, detournment, and appropriation—all these terms represent explorations in plagiarism” (“CAE” 85). To understand what CAE implies it is necessary to define for how art was viewed before and now. According to CAE Art was once considered culture as presented by the elite. This meant that art should not be copied. However in more current times there is a knowledge explosion. People have access to almost everything that the elite have and people want to experiment with art-text and non-textual. CAE’s validates this plagiaristic notion by stating that any creation does not hold an inherent value of its own. A text, a picture or a song will hold some sort of meaning only when it is connected to a process in the physical world. This connection to the process is what defines it, and hence to remix or to make a recombinant that would probably suit a different meaning should in no way be considered plagiarism, as the meaning has now changed-the context has changed.

加拿大代写essay：雇员管理

在： , ,
 加拿大代写essay：雇员管理
“管理就是任务。管理是一门学科。但管理也是人（Drucker，2012，p.7）。 “目标管理理论是在员工在工作场所被激励的前提下进行的，当时他们被管理层设定了明确的目标。使用目标理论的管理技术将使员工在战略决策中感到更加包容（Ingram，2014）。这种包容性将使员工更好地了解他们在日常工作中所做的工作。当这个理论的反论点被应用时会发生什么？大多数员工不是内部创新的，所以他们在接单时可能不会感到满意（Ingram，2012）。他们可能会觉得与工作策略脱节，日常任务可能没有吸引力。接受管理人员的指令并执行，与德鲁克（2012）所说的胡萝卜和棒棒法没有什么不同。在这里，员工的动机甚至不被视为一个方面。它们以更自动化的方式处理。另一方面，对于那些与工作环境无关的内部动机的员工来说，这种情况也不起作用。但是，这不是内在的动机。一些内部激励的员工可能会觉得他们在工作中没有得到更好的使用，他们会离开。只接受命令而没有执行自主决定或独立创新决策的自由也会腐蚀员工和管理层之间的关系。这些都是直接影响员工幸福感的因素。这两名雇员都不满意。在前工作人员的生产力下降的情况下，因为工人没有实现更好的工作成果的主要战略，在后者的情况下，高度有才能的工人离开公司导致生产力下降。
 加拿大代写essay：雇员管理
“Management is tasks. Management is a discipline. But management is also people (Drucker, 2012, p.7). ” The theory of Management by Objectives works on the premise that employees are motivated in the workplace, when they are set clearly defined goals and objectives by their management. Management technique using the theory of objectives will make employees feel more inclusive in the strategic decision makings (Ingram, 2014). This inclusion will give the employees a better understanding of what they are working towards in day to day working. What happens when the anti-thesis of this theory is applied? Most employees are not internally innovative, so they may not feel satisfied when just taking orders (Ingram, 2012). They might feel disjointed from the work strategy and everyday tasking might not have appeal. Taking orders from their managers and just executing them is not different from what Drucker (2012) terms as the carrot and the stick approach. Here the employee motivation is not even considered as an aspect. They are treated in a more automaton way. On the other hand, this situation will also not work for employees that are internally motivated through aspects not related to the workplace. However, this is not intrinsic motivation. A few employees that are internally motivated might feel they are not being used better in the workplace and will leave. Taking orders only and not having the freedom to execute autonomous decisions or independent and innovative decisions will also corrode the relationships between employees and the management. These are all factors that impinge directly on the employee happiness. The employees are unhappy in both cases. In the case of the former employee productivity declines in the workplace because the worker is disembodied from the main strategies to achieve better work outcome, in the case of the latter, the highly talented worker leaves the company leading to decline in productivity.

加拿大代写essay：农业增长研究

在： ,

加拿大代写essay：农业增长研究
过去的农业增长研究，有效地把全球市场与国内产业的产出联系起来，它们一般分为生产函数和出口需求函数两类。即使大多数变量在这两个方向之间的选择是不同的，但这两种模型在汇率，经济规模，国际竞争等方面仍然存在着不变的因素。因此，值得对两类物品进行预览总结。
生产函数
全要素生产率函数（TPF）是假定通过考虑从投入到产出的生产率来描述产出的模型。基本上，这些模型都是针对以前的数据进行静态分析，另一个特点是分析主要是从微观经济学的角度出发，将各种输入输入到模型中，并用公式将其转化为输出。根据对增长的静态观察，可以从这些研究中提供一些有用的见解。
中国农业基本情况
TFP模型的研究一般基于长期观察整个国家的索洛增长模型。索洛增长模型是通过使用柯布 – 道格拉斯生产函数的要素生产率和技术提升对经济增长进行的长期分析。典型的科布道格拉斯生产函数如下所示：
在这里，α和β代表相应的劳动弹性（L）和资本（K），A是技术等外生决定因素。 α和β的总和决定了生产的规模收益：如果总和大于1，则规模报酬递增，等于1意味着规模报酬不变，小于1意味着规模报酬递减。虽然典型的索洛模型并不专门关注任何一个部门，但它扩展到仅使用农业数据来分析不同条件下农业的情况。

加拿大代写essay：农业增长研究
Agriculture growth researches in the past have varied descriptions in connecting global market effectively with the output of domestic industry. They are generally separated into two types, which is Production Function and Export Demand Function. Even most of the variables’ selection between those two orientations are different, there are still constant elements considered by both model, such as exchange rate, economic size in international competition etc. Thus it is worth to conduct a preview summary of both kinds of articles.
Production Function
Total Factor Productivity Function (TPF) is a model that assumes to describe the output by considering the productivity from input to output. Basically, those model are directed towards a static analysis to the previous data, the other trait is the analysis are mainly from microeconomic view, which import kinds of input into model and use formula to transform it to output. According to the static sight to the growth there are several useful insights that could be offered from those researches.
Basic Situation of Agriculture in China
Researches in TFP model are generally based on Solow growth model that observes the country as a whole through a long period. Solow growth model is a long run analysis of the growth of an economy through factor productivity and technological enhancement using a Cobb-Douglas like production function. A typical Cobb Douglas production function looks like:
Here, α and β represent the corresponding elasticity of labor (L) and capital (K) and A is the exogenously determined factors like technology. The sum of α and β determine the returns to scale of the production: if the sum is greater than 1, it is increasing returns to scale, equal to 1 implies constant returns to scale and less than 1 implies diminishing returns to scale. While a typical Solow model does not exclusively focus on any one sector, it is extended to use data from agriculture only to analyze the scenario of agriculture in different conditions.

代写essay：主流语言

在： ,

代写essay：主流语言

英语作为一种全球性的语言，目前是全球化语言的大部分特征的例证。会有人会争辩说，各种文化和经济领域都是以英语为主的。 “国家地理杂志”的编辑指出，在美国销售超过130万辆丰田汽车，可口可乐收入不到30％来自美国，雀巢在80个国家拥有自己的食品工厂， 90％以上的高产电影都是由美国制作的。因此，可以说来自不同国家的越来越多的趋势和产品正在进入全球市场（Graddol，1999）。由于全球思想和产品的增长，英语有助于促进这些趋势和产品的销售，并作为国际语言传播。在几个关键领域，英语已成为主流语言。这些领域包括国际旅行，大众媒体，教育，国际安全和通讯。

由于未来英语用户的人口统计特点，BruttGriffler的第二个特点是英语拥有。这是因为与其他语言并列，英语作为世界语言天然气非常普遍。据估计，在接下来的50年中，人口预测支持非本地人和母语人士之间的平衡发生显着变化。

根据定义，如果一种国际语言属于一种文化，那么我们可以得出结论：对于语言学习者来说，没有必要获得以特定语言为母语的人们的文化知识。然而，也有一些人认为，没有目标文化语言的知识是不能教的。

代写essay：主流语言

English as a global language currently exemplifies majority of the characteristics of aglobal language. There would be some people who would argue the fact that a variety of cultural and economic arenas are dominated by English. The editors of the National Geographic noted that over 1.3 million cars of Toyota are being sold in United States, less than 30% of the income of Coca-Cola is from the United States, Nestle has its own food factories in 80 nations and it is of American productions that more than 90% of the high productions films are made. Thus, it could be said that from a variety of nations, more and more trends and products are reaching the markets across the world (Graddol, 1999). Because of the growth of global ideas and product, English helps in facilitation of sale of these trends and products, spreading as an international language. In several crucial arenas, English has come up as a dominant language. These areas include international travel, mass media, education, international safety and communications.

Second feature of the BruttGriffler is possessed by English because of the demographics on the future users of English. This is because of the fact that alongside of the other languages English as a world language gas established itself very popularly. It is estimated that in the next 50 years the demographic projections supports that the equilibrium amongst the non-native and native speakers would be significantly shifted.

By definition if an international language belongs to one culture then we could conclude that for language learners it isn’t necessary to acquire knowledge regarding people’s culture who voice that specific language as their native tongue. However, there are some who are of the opinion that without knowledge of a target culture language can’t be taught.

加拿大代写essay：天命

在： ,

加拿大代写essay：天命

天命指的是在中国的政治概念。这一概念被用来否定或接受统治王朝的权威。据说天命是和公正、公正、明智的统治者在一起的。腐败、残暴、暴虐的统治者没有天命。“天堂”这个词指的是宇宙的无孔不入的力量，它构成了中国信仰的基础。Shang王朝被周王朝推翻。这是周朝所面对的主要问题是如何合法化权力的篡夺。周朝认为他们有一支庞大的军队，他们有能力征服商朝。在这种情况下，上天的使命拯救了他们（Perry，2002）。

目前的统治者总是有责任的人，他对他们负责。当统治者满足这一义务时，天堂支持统治者。在统治王朝失败的时候，天就以饥荒、水灾、旱灾、地震等自然灾害的形式收回其支持。

这项任务有四项原则：

  • 天堂授予皇帝权威统治的许可。
  • 只能有在任何时间点上一个皇帝，因为只有一个天堂。
  • 统治权是由皇帝决定的美德。
  • 统治权不局限于任何一个特定时期，永久。一个出身平凡的人也能成为国王（赵，2009）。

描述一个特定皇帝失去统治权的种种迹象可能是外国军队、饥荒、洪水、地震或干旱的入侵。上天的授权是有道理的，如果统治者无能、腐败、不公正、专制或叛乱，人民就有权反抗国王。虽然按照天命，反对国王是一种罪过，但如果皇帝不称职，人民可以行使反对的权利（Perry，2002）。

加拿大代写essay：天命

Mandate of Heaven refers to the political concept in China. This concept was used to deny or accept the authority of the ruling dynasty. Mandate of heaven was said to be with the ruler who was just, fair and wise. The ruler who was corrupt, cruel and oppressive did not possess the mandate of heaven. The word heaven here refers to the cosmic all-pervading power which forms the basis of the Chinese beliefs. The dynasty of Shang was overthrown by the dynasty of Zhou. The major problem which was faced by the Zhou dynasty was how to legitimize the usurpation of power. Zhou dynasty thought that they had a large army and they were capable of conquering the Shang dynasty. In this case the Mandate of heaven came to their rescue (Perry, 2002).

The current ruler always has an obligation to the people and he is answerable to them. When the ruler meets this obligation, the heaven supports the ruler. In cases when the ruling dynasty fails the people, the heaven withdraws its support in the form of natural calamities like famine, floods, droughts, earthquakes etc.

There are four principles to the mandate are:

  • Heaven grants permission to the emperor authority to rule.
  • There can only be one emperor at any point in time since there is only one heaven.
  • The right to rule is determined by the virtue of the emperor.
  • Right to rule is not confined to any one particular dynasty permanently. A person of common birth can become a king as well (Zhao, 2009).

The various signs which depict that a particular emperor has lost the authority to rule could be invasions by the foreign troops, famine, flood, earthquakes or drought. The mandate of heaven justified that if the ruler is incompetent, corrupt, unjust, and tyrannical or rebellion, then the people has the right to rebel against the king. Though according to the Mandate of Heaven it is a sin to oppose the king but in case the emperor is incompetent, the people can exercise the right to oppose (Perry, 2002).