加拿大论文代写：监管的五大标准
加拿大论文代写：监管的五大标准
鲍德温·艾特尔(2012)强调了良好监管的五大标准，即在公共领域，而不是财富最大化的背景下，对监管框架的主要观察。鲍德温·艾特尔(2012)提出了以下问题，这些问题应该是形成政策的基础:
立法权威支持的行动或政权吗?-这个特别的问题关注的是当局采取的行动的合法性，因为能源公司可以有他们自己的标准，并跟踪他们的利润，而不是在公共领域采取行动。
有问责制的一个适当的方案吗?-这是遵守政策和条例的重要指标。这很重要，因为如果企业和他们的行动不向任何人或政府负责，那么他们就有可能采取行动，减少对公民利益的关心，只追求他们的个人利益。
程序公平、访问和开放的吗?-这个问题建议评估政府政策和能源公司的程序，看看他们的行动和行动的结果是否透明，并让每个公民都知道。它还要求政策的程序公平给予每个人平等的权利，并在没有任何歧视的情况下分配资源。最后，还需要讨论，以开放的方式执行，公民必须对所有必要的行动和程序有自由和开放的接触。
监管机构表现出了足够的专业知识吗?——监管机构的行动必须得到充分的专家意见，因为有可能采取行动和规定，而不是满足和满足基本要求。因此，在制定政策之前，应听取业内资深人士的专家意见，以及公民参与以及相应的政策。
行动或政权有效吗?-这个问题涉及政策的有效执行和衡量工具的必要性，以确定其有用性和达到预期结果的能力。如果没有达到预期的结果，建议将政策调整为调整行动，以产生更好的结果。
加拿大论文代写：监管的五大标准
Baldwin et.al (2012) emphasizes on the five criteria for good regulation in which the primary observation of regulatory framework is seen in the context of public domain rather than wealth maximization. Baldwin et.al (2012) presents the following questions which should be the basis of forming policies:
Is the action or regime supported by legislative authority? – This particular question focuses on the legitimacy of the action taken by the authority, because energy companies could have their own criteria and follow them for personalising their profits rather than acting in a public domain.
Is there an appropriate scheme of accountability? – This is an important indicator of the adherence to the policies and regulations. It is important because if companies and their actions are not accountable to anyone or the government, then they could possibly act in ways which would care less for the benefit of the citizens and only pursue their personal interests.
Are procedures fair, accessible, and open?—This question advises to assess the procedures of the government policies and the energy companies and see if their actions and the results of their actions is transparent and made known to every citizen. It also requires the procedures of the policy to be fair giving equal rights to everyone and allocating resources without any discrimination. And lastly, it is also required to be discussed, implemented in an open manner and citizens must have free and open access to all the requisite actions and procedures.
Is the regulator acting with sufficient expertise?—The actions of the regulator must be assessed by sufficient expert advice because there is a possibility of the actions and regulations being mediocre rather than fulfilling and meeting the prime requirements. Hence it is advised that the regulator before forming a policy takes expert advice from industry veterans along with citizen participation and accordingly form policies.
Is the action or regime efficient? — This question relates to the effective implementation of policies and a necessity of a measurement tool to identify its usefulness and ability to reach the desired outcome. If the desired outcome is not reached, it is advisable to twist the policy to adjust to actions which may produce better results.
