加拿大代写essay：天命
加拿大代写essay：天命
天命指的是在中国的政治概念。这一概念被用来否定或接受统治王朝的权威。据说天命是和公正、公正、明智的统治者在一起的。腐败、残暴、暴虐的统治者没有天命。“天堂”这个词指的是宇宙的无孔不入的力量，它构成了中国信仰的基础。Shang王朝被周王朝推翻。这是周朝所面对的主要问题是如何合法化权力的篡夺。周朝认为他们有一支庞大的军队，他们有能力征服商朝。在这种情况下，上天的使命拯救了他们（Perry，2002）。
目前的统治者总是有责任的人，他对他们负责。当统治者满足这一义务时，天堂支持统治者。在统治王朝失败的时候，天就以饥荒、水灾、旱灾、地震等自然灾害的形式收回其支持。
这项任务有四项原则：
- 天堂授予皇帝权威统治的许可。
- 只能有在任何时间点上一个皇帝，因为只有一个天堂。
- 统治权是由皇帝决定的美德。
- 统治权不局限于任何一个特定时期，永久。一个出身平凡的人也能成为国王（赵，2009）。
描述一个特定皇帝失去统治权的种种迹象可能是外国军队、饥荒、洪水、地震或干旱的入侵。上天的授权是有道理的，如果统治者无能、腐败、不公正、专制或叛乱，人民就有权反抗国王。虽然按照天命，反对国王是一种罪过，但如果皇帝不称职，人民可以行使反对的权利（Perry，2002）。
加拿大代写essay：天命
Mandate of Heaven refers to the political concept in China. This concept was used to deny or accept the authority of the ruling dynasty. Mandate of heaven was said to be with the ruler who was just, fair and wise. The ruler who was corrupt, cruel and oppressive did not possess the mandate of heaven. The word heaven here refers to the cosmic all-pervading power which forms the basis of the Chinese beliefs. The dynasty of Shang was overthrown by the dynasty of Zhou. The major problem which was faced by the Zhou dynasty was how to legitimize the usurpation of power. Zhou dynasty thought that they had a large army and they were capable of conquering the Shang dynasty. In this case the Mandate of heaven came to their rescue (Perry, 2002).
The current ruler always has an obligation to the people and he is answerable to them. When the ruler meets this obligation, the heaven supports the ruler. In cases when the ruling dynasty fails the people, the heaven withdraws its support in the form of natural calamities like famine, floods, droughts, earthquakes etc.
There are four principles to the mandate are:
- Heaven grants permission to the emperor authority to rule.
- There can only be one emperor at any point in time since there is only one heaven.
- The right to rule is determined by the virtue of the emperor.
- Right to rule is not confined to any one particular dynasty permanently. A person of common birth can become a king as well (Zhao, 2009).
The various signs which depict that a particular emperor has lost the authority to rule could be invasions by the foreign troops, famine, flood, earthquakes or drought. The mandate of heaven justified that if the ruler is incompetent, corrupt, unjust, and tyrannical or rebellion, then the people has the right to rebel against the king. Though according to the Mandate of Heaven it is a sin to oppose the king but in case the emperor is incompetent, the people can exercise the right to oppose (Perry, 2002).
