加拿大论文怎么写：个人陈述的写作内容及注意事项

随着出国留学的人越来越多，留学机会的申请竞争也越来越激烈，虽然很多同学拥有很好地学习成绩，但是很多国外大学注重的是学生的综合能力，所以只有通过出众的文书来突出自己的不同之处，可以说文书就是申请成功的关键因素。

其中PS是个人陈述，起着几乎最重要的作用，所以就要教会您如何写出让录取官动心的个人陈述。

个人陈述是什么? 个人陈述Personal Statement简称PS，是向英国各大院校展示自己，表现长处和个人特点的，很大程度上是对申请者基本材料的补充。

个人陈述包括哪几个方面?在申请文书PS中一般包括以下几个方面：

加拿大论文怎么写：个人陈述的写作内容及注意事项

陈述自己过去的学术背景和对申请专业浓厚的兴趣。这一部分主要是从专业出发去联系自己要申请的专业，可以通过一个小小的事例做铺垫引出话题能更加吸引人注意。从自己的认识和想法来表现自己的自我学习能力以及认知能力。

在实践方面要突出自己的工作能力、处理危机的能力、协调合作的能力以及沟通能力等，尤其是对于要申请商学院的学生来说特别重要。

陈述自己将来的就业去向或是职业目标。在该部分需要把专业和未来的职业目标相联系，简单来说就是规划一下自己毕业之后的Plan，说出自己要如何去一步步实现这个目标。

在写作个人陈述时要注意的事项。

加拿大论文怎么写：个人陈述的写作内容及注意事项

要按照英国人的理念和思维去写文章。因为我们写的是英文PS，写出来的材料也是给老外看的，所以最好是按照老外的理念去写。

要目标明确，对所申请的专业有自己的认识。写作中使用到的事例要真实具体，并且写作前需要仔细阅读每个学校对PS的要求，按照要求写作。

写作时详略得当。讲过许多的写作技巧，但是这个不要忽略了，无论是一篇PS还是具体到某一段的时候不要追求面面俱到，也不能平均用力，让人看后分不清主次。

以上就是对写作申请文书PS技巧的讲解，写出精彩的PS对你的申请成功能起到很大的帮助的。

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加拿大论文没过：了解成本行为方式

利用成本进行决策:了解成本行为对管理者来说非常重要。了解成本的行为方式，价格是否与特定决策相关，以及成本如何通过所得税受到影响。它帮助组织经理确定价格变化和相关因素对几个决策的影响。因此，成本可以用来分析企业的状态及其经营价值。这有助于制定可能的最佳管理决策。在任何一种财务状况下，都有可能评估投资是否必须进行。如果不使用成本分析，这是不可能的(Horngren et al.， 2013)。管理人员可以查看这些成本，并形成基于产品的价格和服务。

加拿大论文没过：了解成本行为方式
这反过来又有助于确定产品的定价是否合适。这些策略用于，然后根据成本有效地管理产品。预算意义:预算对于一些公司和权威机构来说扮演着各种各样的重要角色，尤其是当他们需要确定预算的适当使用和有效性时。当企业运营时，他们通常需要其所有者仔细计划并考虑财务审查。大多数组织使用某种会计形式来识别、衡量、分析和报告财务信息。企业预算可能是企业使用的最基本的会计工具之一。预算也以年度为基础，以确保每个部门跨业务的预期需求的详细概述。

加拿大论文没过：了解成本行为方式

Use of costs to make decisions: Understanding cost behaviour is of much significance for managers. Understanding the way in which costs are behaving whether prices have relevance to particular decisions or not and how costs are influenced through income taxes. It helps the organizational managers to take into determination the influence of changing prices and related factors over several decisions. Costs, therefore, can be used to analyse the state of business and its operating value. This helps in formulating the best management decisions possible. Under any type of financial situation, it becomes possible to evaluate the situation on whether investment has to be done or not. This is not possible without the use of cost analysis (Horngren et al., 2013). Managers are able to view these costs and form product based price and its service.

加拿大论文没过：了解成本行为方式
This in turn helps in formulating whether a product is priced appropriately or not. These strategies are used to, then manage the product effectively in alignment with its cost. Budgeting significance: Budget plays various important roles for several companies and authorities especially when they require to determine its appropriate use and effectiveness. When businesses are run, they often need their owners to plan carefully and consider financial review. Most organizations utilize certain accounting form to identify, measure analyse and report the information on finances. Budgets in businesses might be one of the most essential company accounting tools used. Budgets are also represented over yearly basis in order to ensure careful outlining of expected requirements of each department across business.

論文翻譯推薦：IBM面臨的挑戰和適應問題
在理解低層集成的決策制定方面存在挑戰時，這種形式的適應幫助了IBM。基於重心的方法還關注於將IBM的中心從阿蒙克重新定位。以美國為中心的方法也必須是全球一體化。在這種情況下，IBM面臨的挑戰是必須以一種本地的方式呈現組織，在這種方式中，他們在區域級別上顯示IBM對客戶的興趣。同時，他們還必須保持全球形象。在每個縣，IBM都面臨不同形式的適應問題。例如，在印度，需要實現的集成挑戰包括如何處理開源軟件的全球標準、互操作性、貿易自由化等。這些都是全球化和一體化的標準挑戰，但在埃及等其他國家，挑戰是不同的。

論文翻譯推薦：IBM面臨的挑戰和適應問題
IBM在印度和埃及的承諾非常不同。在埃及的例子中，IBM的承諾引起了關注，因為工業和貿易部和其他利益攸關方想知道該組織有什麼隱藏的議程。此外，人們還認為，埃及擔心IBM及其更區域性的互動將如何影響該國的失業率。必須在這方面取得平衡。在中國這樣的國家，IBM需要通過確保本地嵌入的平衡來進行全球集成。 IBM還必須處理不同層次的關係，如供應商關係等。然而，在中國等國家面臨的另一個挑戰是，民族主義情緒高漲。這種民族主義意識也是IBM面臨的集成適應挑戰。

論文翻譯推薦：IBM面臨的挑戰和適應問題

Where there were challenges to understanding decision making for integration at the lower levels, this form of adaptation helped IBM. The gravity based approach was also focused on repositioning the center of IBM away from Armonk. The US centered approach had to go for that is global integration as well. In this, IBM faced the challenge of having to present the organization in a local way, where they showed IBM interests in customers at regional level. And at the same time, they had to maintain a global image as well. In each county, IBM faced different form of adaptation concerns. For instance, in the case of India, there were integration challenges to be achieved such as how global standards of open source software’s, interoperability, trade liberalization and more were to be treated. These are standard challenges of globalization and integration, but then in other countries such as Egypt, the challenges were different.

論文翻譯推薦：IBM面臨的挑戰和適應問題
The commitment that IBM had to show in the case of India and in the case of Egypt were very different. In the case of Egypt, the commitment of IBM was seen with concerns, as the Ministry of Industry and Trade and other stakeholders wanted to know what hidden agendas the organization had. Also, Egypt was seen to have concerns in the form of how IBM and its more regional interaction would affect the unemployment rate of the country. A balancing act had to be achieved here. In the case of the countries such as China, IBM needed to work on global integration by ensuring the local embeddedness was balanced. IBM also had to work on different levels of relationships such as that of suppliers, and more. Yet another challenge faced in countries such as China was that there was a heightened sense of nationalism. This sense of nationalism also was an integration adaptation challenge for IBM.

写简历的技巧：成人学习

学习理论在心理学和哲学的根本基础,还有提供整体活动的学习和教学。学习有关变化和学习在成人也有巨大的变化的相关性。成人学习理论可以帮助教师了解学生,为他们设计更有意义的学习经历(梅里厄姆,2008年)。没有一个成人学习理论,涉及所有成人学习的环境中成功应用。现在提供模型或理论框架作出关键贡献理解成年人在他们学习的过程。据报道,学习是一个完整的,成熟的过程,每一个理论的重点是在发生时发生的实际学习(Mezirow,2000)。成人学习理论有助于教师理解学生和设计更有意义的学习经历。因此,学习可以看作是变化的背景下,成人学习是所有上下文的变化。

写简历的技巧：成人学习
成人教育学的概念主要关注学习者的自然,是建立在人本主义学习理论。成人教育学的基本假设是指学习者的独立能力和自我概念为指导自己的学习过程(Fidishun,2000)。成人学习者自我依赖,独立,自主和自我方向的目标。成年人有之前的教育一直在建设中作为学习者的依赖,这是关键的偏好的教育家将学生从以前的习惯,塑造在学习者的自我方向,同时鼓励他们占用了他们的学习的责任(梅里厄姆和Bierema, 2013年)。未来,众所周知,不是每一个成人都是有效的自我方向和一些需要帮助来处理自我的方向。

写简历的技巧：成人学习

Theories of learning have the fundamental base in psychology and philosophy, and there is provision of overall for the activities of learning and teaching. Learning is related to change and learning among adult also has huge relevance of change. Theory of adult learning helps the faculty for understanding their students and for designing more meaningful experiences of learning for them (Merriam, 2008). There is not one theory of adult learning that involves successful application to all environments of adult learning. Current theories have been providing models or frameworks that make key contribution to understand adults in their process of learning. It has been reported that learning is a full- fledged process and that the key focus of each and every theory is over what takes place when there is occurrence of actual learning (Mezirow, 2000). Theory of adult learning helps faculty members for understanding the students and for designing more meaningful experiences of learning for them. Hence, learning can be seen as the context of change and adult learning is all in context with change.

写简历的技巧：成人学习
The concept of andragogy has key focus on learner by nature and is grounded as well in theory of humanistic learning. The underlying assumption of andragogy refers to the independent ability and self- concept of learners for directing their own process of learning (Fidishun, 2000). Adult learners are self- reliant, independent and autonomous and there is self- direction of goals. Adults having prior schooling have been under construction as learners who are dependent, and it is the key preference of educator for moving student from their previous habits, shaping them within learners of self- direction, while encouraging them to take up the responsibility for their learning (Merriam and Bierema, 2013). Further ahead, it is known that not every adult is effective in self- direction and some require help for dealing with self- direction.